References
Anderson, G. M. and Crerar, D. A. (1993). Thermodynamics in Geochemistry: The Equilibrium Model (Oxford University Press, New York).
Baroghel-Bouny, V.; Mainguy, M.; Lassabatere, T. and Coussy, O. (1999). Characterization and identification of equilibrium and transfer moisture properties for ordinary and high-performance cementitious materials. Cement and Concrete Research 29, 1225–1238.
Chen, W. and Brouwers, H. J. (2007). The hydration of slag, part 1: reaction models for alkali-activated slag. Journal of Materials Science 42, 428–443.
Chen, W. and Brouwers, H. J. (2007). The hydration of slag, part 2: reaction models for blended cement. Journal of Materials Science 42, 444–464.
Davies, C. W. (1962). Ion Association (Butterworths, London).
Durdziński, P. T.; Ben Haha, M.; Bernal, S. A.; De Belie, N.; Gruyaert, E.; Lothenbach, B.; Menéndez Méndez, E.; Provis, J. L.; Schöler, A.; Stabler, C.; Tan, Z.; Villagrán Zaccardi, Y.; Vollpracht, A.; Winnefeld, F.; Zając, M. and Scrivener, K. L. (2017). Outcomes of the RILEM round robin on degree of reaction of slag and fly ash in blended cements. Materials and Structures 50, 135.
Glynn, P. D. and Reardon, E. J. (1990). Solid-solution aqueous-solution equilibria; thermodynamic theory and representation. American Journal of Science 290, 164–201.
Hamer, W. J. and Wu, Y.-C. (1972). Osmotic Coefficients and Mean Activity Coefficients of Uni-univalent Electrolytes in Water at 25 °C. Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data 1, 1047–1100.
Helgeson, H. C. (1969). Thermodynamics of hydrothermal systems at elevated temperatures and pressures. American Journal of Science 267, 729–804.
Helgeson, H. C.; Kirkham, D. H. and Flowers, G. C. (1981). Theoretical prediction of the thermodynamic behavior of aqueous electrolytes by high pressures and temperatures; IV, Calculation of activity coefficients, osmotic coefficients, and apparent molal and standard and relative partial molal properties to 600 degrees C and 5kb. American Journal of Science 281, 1249–1516.
Jansen, D.; Goetz-Neunhoeffer, F.; Lothenbach, B. and Neubauer, J. (2012). The early hydration of ordinary Portland cement (OPC): an approach comparing measured heat flow with calculated heat flow from QXRD. Cement and Concrete Research 42, 134–138.
Jägle, E.; Timothy, J. J.; Jansen, D. and Machner, A. (2025). Deriving early hydration cement paste phase assemblage, microstructure development and elastic properties using thermodynamic simulation and multi-scale material modeling. Cement and Concrete Research 195, 107830.
Kulik, D. A. (2011). Improving the structural consistency of C-S-H solid solution thermodynamic models. Cement and Concrete Research 41, 477–495.
Kulik, D. A.; Wagner, T.; Dmytrieva, S. V.; Kosakowski, G.; Hingerl, F. F.; Chudnenko, K. V. and Berner, U. R. (2013). GEM-Selektor geochemical modeling package: revised algorithm and GEMS3K numerical kernel for coupled simulation codes. Computational Geosciences 17, 1–24.
Lavergne, F.; Ben Fraj, A.; Bayane, I. and Barthélémy, J.-F. (2018). Estimating the mechanical properties of hydrating blended cementitious materials: an investigation based on micromechanics. Cement and Concrete Research 104, 37–60.
Leal, A. M.; Kulik, D. A.; Smith, W. R. and Saar, M. O. (2017). An overview of computational methods for chemical equilibrium and kinetic calculations for geochemical and reactive transport modeling. Pure and Applied Chemistry 89, 597–643.
Lothenbach, B.; Kulik, D. A.; Matschei, T.; Balonis, M.; Baquerizo, L.; Dilnesa, B.; Miron, G. D. and Myers, R. J. (2019). Cemdata18: A chemical thermodynamic database for hydrated Portland cements and alkali-activated materials. Cement and Concrete Research 115, 472–506.
Lothenbach, B.; Matschei, T.; Möschner, G. and Glasser, F. P. (2008). Thermodynamic modelling of the effect of temperature on the hydration and porosity of Portland cement. Cement and Concrete Research 38, 1–18.
Lothenbach, B. and Winnefeld, F. (2006). Thermodynamic modelling of the hydration of Portland cement. Cement and Concrete Research 36, 209–226.
Ma, B. and Lothenbach, B. (2020). Synthesis, characterization, and thermodynamic study of selected Na-based zeolites. Cement and Concrete Research 135, 106111.
Ma, B. and Lothenbach, B. (2021). Synthesis, characterization, and thermodynamic study of selected K-based zeolites. Cement and Concrete Research 148, 106537.
Matschei, T.; Lothenbach, B. and Glasser, F. P. (2007). The role of calcium carbonate in cement hydration. Cement and Concrete Research 37, 551–558.
Myers, R. J.; Bernal, S. A. and Provis, J. L. (2014). A thermodynamic model for C-(N-)A-S-H gel: CNASH_ss. Derivation and validation. Cement and Concrete Research 66, 27–47.
Palandri, J. L. and Kharaka, Y. K. (2004). A compilation of rate parameters of water-mineral interaction kinetics for application to geochemical modeling. Open-File Report 2004-1068 (U.S. Geological Survey).
Parkhurst, D. L. and Appelo, C. A. (2013). Description of input and examples for PHREEQC version 3: A computer program for speciation, batch-reaction, one-dimensional transport, and inverse geochemical calculations. Techniques and Methods 6-A43 (U.S. Geological Survey).
Parrott, L. J. and Killoh, D. C. (1984). Prediction of cement hydration. In: British Ceramic Proceedings, No. 35; pp. 41–53.
Powers, T. C. (1948). A discussion of cement hydration in relation to the curing of concrete. Proceedings of the Highway Research Board 27, 178–188.
Robie, R. A. and Hemingway, B. S. (1995). Thermodynamic properties of minerals and related substances at 298.15 K and 1 bar (10⁵ pascals) pressure and at higher temperatures. Bulletin 2131 (U.S. Geological Survey).
Schindler, A. K. and Folliard, K. J. (2005). Heat of hydration models for cementitious materials. ACI Materials Journal 102, 24–33.
Xu, T.; Spycher, N.; Sonnenthal, E.; Zhang, G.; Zheng, L. and Pruess, K. (2011). TOUGHREACT Version 2.0: A simulator for subsurface reactive transport under non-isothermal multiphase flow conditions. Computers & Geosciences 37, 763–774.
Šmilauer, V.; Edelmannová, J. and Reiterman, P. (2026). Isothermal calorimetry database of 65 cements with analytical approximations. Ceramics – Silikáty 70, 25–33.
Šmilauer, V. and Reiterman, P. (2025). Isothermal calorimetry database of 65 cements and approximations. Data set, licensed CC-BY-4.0.